هَدْيُ الإِسْلامِ فِي التَّعَامُلِ مَعَ الـمُخْطِئِ: The Islamic approach for dealing those who Err

بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

In the name of ALLAH, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

هَدْيُ الإِسْلامِ فِي التَّعَامُلِ مَعَ الـمُخْطِئِ

The Islamic approach to dealing with those who err.

Praise be to ALLAH, who made forgiveness the characteristic of the generous, and pardon the habit of the pious. We bear witness that there is no god but ALLAH alone, without partner, and we bear witness that our master and prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, is the servant of ALLAH and His messenger, whom his Lord commanded to pardon and turn away from the ignorant. May the prayers and peace of ALLAH be upon him, his family, his companions, and those who follow them in righteousness until the Day of Judgment. This is the translation of the recited verse from Surah Ash Shura:

 أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فاعوذ باللہ من الشیطان الرجیم- بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم 

وَجَزَٲٓؤُاْ سَيِّئَةٍ۬ سَيِّئَةٌ۬ مِّثۡلُهَا‌ۖ فَمَنۡ عَفَا وَأَصۡلَحَ فَأَجۡرُهُ ۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ‌ۚ إِنَّهُ ۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ (٤٠) وَلَمَنِ ٱنتَصَرَ بَعۡدَ ظُلۡمِهِۦ فَأُوْلَـٰٓٮِٕكَ مَا عَلَيۡہِم مِّن سَبِيلٍ (٤١) إِنَّمَا ٱلسَّبِيلُ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ وَيَبۡغُونَ فِى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّ‌ۚ أُوْلَـٰٓٮِٕكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ۬ (٤٢) وَلَمَن صَبَرَ وَغَفَرَ إِنَّ ذَٲلِكَ لَمِنۡ عَزۡمِ ٱلۡأُمُورِ

Surah Ash Shura – 40-43

The recompense for an evil is an evil like thereof, but whoever forgives and makes reconciliation, his reward is with Allâh. Verily, He likes not the Zâlimûn (oppressors, polytheists, and wrong-doers). (40) And indeed whosoever takes revenge after he has suffered wrong, for such there is no way (of blame) against them (41) The way (of blame) is only against those who oppress men and rebel in the earth, without justification for such there will be a painful torment. (42) And verily, whosoever shows patience and forgives that would truly be from the things recommended by Allâh. (43) (6)

Surah Ash Shura – 40-43

O servants of ALLAH: fear ALLAH and adopt piety and obey ALLAH. I advise you and myself - O servants of ALLAH - to fear ALLAH Almighty۔ ALLAH says in Surah Al Ahzab

يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَقُولُواْ قَوۡلاً۬ سَدِيدً۬ا (٧٠) يُصۡلِحۡ لَكُمۡ أَعۡمَـٰلَكُمۡ وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ ذُنُوبَكُمۡۗ وَمَن يُطِعِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ ۥ فَقَدۡ فَازَ فَوۡزًا عَظِيمًا

O you who believe! Keep your duty to Allâh and fear Him, and speak (always) the truth. (70) He will direct you to do righteous good deeds and will forgive you your sins. And whosoever obeys Allâh and His Messenger (SAW) he has indeed achieved a great achievement (i.e. he will be saved from the Hell-fire and will be admitted to Paradise). (71)

Surah Al Ahzab – 70-71

O believers: Indeed, Islam is a religion of mercy and justice. ALLAH Almighty has combined for us in it the wisdom of punishment and the virtue of forgiveness. And He has made clear to us the necessity of reprimanding those who have erred. He encouraged people to give him a chance to repent and reintegrate into society. Indeed, ALLAH made forgiveness the crown of the righteous and the emblem of His virtuous servants, who respond to mistakes with forbearance and errors with pardon. He, may His glory be exalted, says in Surah Aal E Imran:

وَٱلۡڪَـٰظِمِينَ ٱلۡغَيۡظَ وَٱلۡعَافِينَ عَنِ ٱلنَّاسِ‌ۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ

who repress anger and who pardon men; verily, Allâh loves Al-Muhsinûn (the good - doers).

Surah Aal E Imran – 134-Part

The Prophet، peace be upon him, urged us to forgive and be tolerant, saying: “Charity does not decrease wealth, and ALLAH only increases a servant’s honor through forgiveness, and no servant humbles himself except that ALLAH raises him.” A strong society is not one that merely imposes harsh punishments, but one that gives those who have erred opportunities to return to the right path. Disciplinary punishment in Islam is not revenge, but rather correction and education. If its objective is achieved, the veil of error has been lifted from the insight, so there is no justification for the punishment to remain. Rather, the time for mercy has come, and the time has arrived to open the doors of hope before the wrongdoer, and to remind him of the words of his Merciful Lord says in Surah Al Zumr:

قُلۡ يَـٰعِبَادِىَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسۡرَفُواْ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ لَا تَقۡنَطُواْ مِن رَّحۡمَةِ ٱللَّهِ‌ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَغۡفِرُ ٱلذُّنُوبَ جَمِيعًا‌ۚ إِنَّهُ ۥ هُوَ ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ

Say: "O 'Ibâdî (My slaves) who have transgressed against themselves (by committing evil deeds and sins)! Despair not of the Mercy of Allâh, verily Allâh forgives all sins. Truly, He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

Surah Az Zumr – 53

O Muslims: Indeed, one of the greatest forms of divine favor is that ALLAH opens the door of repentance for His servants after a slip. How many a servant has strayed into the paths of disobedience, then returned with a broken heart, and his return was a blessing for him and his community. The wise Sharia has called upon everyone who has erred or been negligent to hasten to reform himself and to return to his Lord, for the door is open and the call never ceases, for ALLAH, the Exalted and Majestic, says in Surah Al Noor:

وَتُوبُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ

And all of you beg Allâh to forgive you all, O believers, that you may be successful

Surah Al Noor – 31-Part

It is not strange for a Muslim society imbued with faith to rejoice at the return of one who has turned back to ALLAH, just as the Muslims rejoiced at the return of those who had stayed behind and ALLAH Almighty's acceptance of their repentance, as ALLAH Almighty says in Surah Al Tawba:

ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ لِيَتُوبُوٓاْ‌ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ

Allâh is the One Who forgives and accepts repentance, Most Merciful.

Surah Al Tawbah – 118-Part

How wonderful is this religion that does not merely call the servant to repentance, but rather spreads joy in it in the hearts of the believers, until the whole community becomes a partner in the joy of the repentant person’s return. So contemplate this great scene in the lives of the repentant. When the city was shaken with the good news, Seyyedina Ka’b ibn Malik, may ALLAH be pleased with him, said: “The people went to give us the good news, and there were those who gave good news to my two companions, and I went to the Messenger of ALLAH, and the people met me in groups, congratulating me on my repentance.” They say: “May ALLAH's repentance bring you joy.” It is the spirit of the believer who loves good for the believers so that society may rise up in virtue. At that time, every Muslim will help his brother to overcome his mistake. Do not increase his frustration by defaming or rejecting him. So, O servant of ALLAH, be a helper to your brother, not an aid to Satan against him. Plant hope in his heart, and say to him as the Prophet, peace be upon him, said: “Every son of Adam is a sinner, and the best of sinners are those who repent.”

Fear ALLAH, O servants of ALLAH, and know that ALLAH Almighty rejoices in the repentance of His servant and his striving to reform himself. So hasten to repent to Him. The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: ALLAH is most pleased with the repentance of His servant when he repents to Him.

أقولُ مَا تَسْمَعُونَ، وَأَسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ العَظِيمَ لِي وَلَكُمْ، فَاسْتَغْفِرُوهُ يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ، إِنَّهُ هُوَ الغَفُورُالرَّحِيمُ، وَادْعُوهُ يَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ، إِنَّهُ هُوَ البَرُّ الكَرِيمُ

I say what you hear, and I ask forgiveness from ALLAH Almighty for me and for you, so ask forgiveness from Him and He will forgive you, for He is the Forgiving and Merciful, and pray to Him and He will answer you, for He is The noble righteousness

   الحَمْدُ للهِ الَّذِي هَدَانَا لِهَذا وَمَا كُنَّا لِنَهْتَدِيَ لَوْلا أَنْ هَدَانَا اللهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلاةً وَسَلامًا دَائِمَيْنِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الدِّينِ، وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَأَتْبَاعِهِ المُقْتَفِينَ آثَارَهُ وَخُطَاهُ

All praise is due to Allah, Who guided us to this, and we would not have been guided had Allah not guided us. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad, peace be upon him, is the Messenger of Allah, may peace and blessings be upon him and his family, his companions, and those who follow his example and footsteps.

 Fear ALLAH, O servants of ALLAH, and know that the Muslim community has room for the righteous and the repentant. It makes the repentant sinner feel that his place is preserved, and that his mistake will not haunt him forever. Concealing his sin when he repents is one of the characteristics of the virtuous. The Prophet, peace be upon him said: “A Muslim is the brother of another Muslim. He does not wrong him, nor does he hand him over to his enemy. Whoever helps his brother in his time of need, Allah will help him in his time of need. Whoever relieves a Muslim of a hardship, Allah will relieve him of a hardship on the Day of Resurrection. And whoever conceals the faults of a Muslim, Allah will conceal his faults on the Day of Resurrection.” A Muslim must be adorned with the virtue of offering sincere advice and guidance to his brothers who have erred. On the authority of Seyyedina Anas bin Malik, may ALLAH be pleased with him, that the Prophet, peace be upon him said: “Support your brother, whether he is an oppressor or oppressed.” A man said: O Messenger of ALLAH, I will support him if he is wronged. But what if he is the wrongdoer? How then can I support him? He said: “You restrain him—or prevent him—from wrongdoing, for that is supporting him.” And it is wise to offer advice with compassion and mercy, for ALLAH, the Exalted and Majestic, says in Surah Al Nahl:

ٱدۡعُ إِلَىٰ سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِٱلۡحِكۡمَةِ وَٱلۡمَوۡعِظَةِ ٱلۡحَسَنَةِ‌ۖ وَجَـٰدِلۡهُم بِٱلَّتِى هِىَ أَحۡسَنُ‌ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَن ضَلَّ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦ‌ۖ وَهُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِٱلۡمُهۡتَدِينَ

Invite (mankind, O Muhammad SAW) to the Way of your Lord (i.e. Islâm) with wisdom (i.e. with the Divine Revelation and the Qur'ân) and fair preaching, and argue with them in a way that is better. Truly, your Lord knows best who has gone astray from His Path, and He is the Best Aware of those who are guided.

Surah An Nahl – 125

Then, the wise Muslim should not reproach his brother for his sin if he has repented from it; for that will drive his companion to return to it, and then immorality will spread, and ALLAH Almighty says in Surah Al Noor:

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحِبُّونَ أَن تَشِيعَ ٱلۡفَـٰحِشَةُ فِى ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ۬ فِى ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأَخِرَةِ‌ۚ وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ وَأَنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ

Verily, those who like that (the crime of) illegal sexual intercourse should be propagated among those who believe, they will have a painful torment in this world and in the Hereafter. And Allâh knows and you know not.

Surah Al Noor – 19

And our Lord, may His greatness be exalted, says in Surah Al Baqara

وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤۡذُونَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَـٰتِ بِغَيۡرِ مَا ٱڪۡتَسَبُواْ فَقَدِ ٱحۡتَمَلُواْ بُهۡتَـٰنً۬ا وَإِثۡمً۬ا مُّبِينً۬ا

And those who annoy believing men and women undeservedly, they bear (on themselves) the crime of slander and plain sin.

Surah Al Ahzab – 58

Fear ALLAH, O servants of ALLAH, and be merciful to your brothers. Forgive their mistakes and do not stand in the way of their repentance, for the Prophet, peace be upon him, says: “The most hateful of men to ALLAH is the most contentious adversary.”

هَذَا وَصَلُّوا وَسَلِّمُوا عَلَى إمَامِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ؛ مُحَمَّدٍ الهَادِي الأَمِينِ، فَقَدْ أَمَرَكُمْ رَبكُمْ بذَلكَ حينَ قَالَ

إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ وَمَلَـٰٓٮِٕڪَتَهُ ۥ يُصَلُّونَ عَلَى ٱلنَّبِىِّۚ يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ صَلُّواْ عَلَيۡهِ وَسَلِّمُواْ تَسۡلِيمًا

Surah Al Ahzaab – 56

So pray and send peace upon the leader of the messengers, Muhammad, the guide and trustworthy. Your Lord has commanded you to do so when He said: “Indeed, Allah and His angels send blessings upon the Prophet. O you who have believed, send blessings upon him and salute him with a worthy salutation.” 

He says in Surah Al Ahzab: ALLAH and His kingdom send blessings upon the Prophet. O you who have believed, pray upon him and grant him peace.

Surah Al Ahzaab – 56

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ وسَلِّم عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ نَبِيِّنَا مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ وسَلَّمتَ عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ نَبِيِّنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَبَارِكْ عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ نَبِيِّنَا مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ نَبِيِّنَا إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي الْعَالَمِينَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ، وَارْضَ اللَّهُمَّ عَنْ خُلَفَائِهِ الرَّاشِدِينَ، وَعَنْ أَزْوَاجِهِ أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَعَنْ سَائِرِ الصَّحَابَةِ أَجْمَعِينَ، وَعَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ، وعَنْ جَمْعِنَا هَذَا بِرَحْمَتِكَ يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ

O ALLAH, bless and grant peace upon our Prophet Muhammad and upon the family of our Prophet Muhammad, as You prayed and peace upon our Prophet Abraham and upon the family of our Prophet Abraham, and bless our Prophet Muhammad and the family of our Prophet Muhammad, just as You blessed our Prophet Abraham and the family of our Prophet Abraham in the worlds. Indeed, You are Praiseworthy and Glorious. And be pleased, O Allah, with his Rightly-Guided Caliphs, and with his wives, the Mothers of the Believers, and with all the rest of the Companions, and with the believing men and women, and with this gathering of ours, by Your mercy, O Most Merciful of the merciful.

اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ جَمْعَنَا هَذَا جَمْعًا مَرْحُوْمًا، وَاجْعَلْ تَفَرُّقَنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ تَفَرُّقًا مَعْصُوْمًا وَلا تَدَعْ فِينَا وَلا مَعَنَا شَقِيًّا وَلا مَحْرُومًا

Oh ALLAH, make this gathering of us a merciful gathering, and make our separation after it an infallible separation, and do not leave among us or with us any wretched or deprived.

اللَّهُمَّ أَعِزَّ الإِسْلامَ وَاهْدِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى الْحَقِّ، وَاجْمعْ كَلِمَتَهُمْ عَلَى الخَيْرِ، وَاكْسِرْ شَوْكَةَ الظَّالِمِينَ، وَاكْتُبِ السَّلامَ وَالأَمْنَ لِعِبادِكَ أَجْمَعِينَ

Oh ALLAH, honor Islam, guide Muslims to the truth, unite their words in goodness, break the power of the oppressors, and grant peace and security to your servants. All of them. 

اللَّهُمَّ كُنْ عَوْنًا لإِخْوَانِنَا فِي أَرْضِ الأَقْصَى المُبَارَكِ، وَكُنْ مَعَهُمْ وَثَبِّـتْهُمْ وَارْبِطْ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَصَبِّرْهُمْ، وَاخْذُلْ عَدُوَّكَ وَعَدُوَّهُمْ، وَاجْعَلِ الدَّائِرَةَ عَلَيْهِ يَا ذَا الجَلالِ وَالإِكْرَامِ

O Allah, be a helper to our brothers in the blessed land of Al-Aqsa, be with them, strengthen them, strengthen their hearts, and grant them patience. Disappoint Your enemy and their enemy, and turn the tables on him, O Possessor of Majesty and Honor.

اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ الثَّباتَ فِي الأَمْرِ، وَالعَزِيمَةَ عَلَى الرُّشْدِ، ونَسْأَلُكَ شُكْرَ نِعْمَتِكَ، وَحُسْنَ عِبَادَتِكَ، ونَسْأَلُكَ قُلُوبًا سَلِيمةً وأَلْسِنةً صَادِقةً، ونَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ خَيْرِ مَا تَعْلَمُ، وَنعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا تَعْلَمُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُكَ لِمَا تَعْلَمُ

O Allah, we ask You for steadfastness in our affairs and determination to do what is right. We ask You for gratitude for Your blessings and proper worship of You. We ask You for sound hearts and truthful tongues. We ask You for the best of what You know and seek refuge in You from the worst of what You know. We seek Your forgiveness for what You know.

اللَّهُمَّ يَا حَيُّ يَا قَيُّومُ يَا ذَا الجَلالِ وَالإِكْرَامِ، لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ سُبْحَانَكَ بِكَ نَستَجِيرُ وَبِرَحْمَتِكَ نَستَغِيثُ أَلاَّ تَكِلَنَا إِلَى أَنفُسِنَا طَرفَةَ عَينٍ، وَلاَ أَدنَى مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَأَصلِحْ لَنَا شَأْنَنَا كُلَّهُ يَا مُصلِحَ شَأْنِ الصَّالِحِينَ

Oh ALLAH, O Ever-Living, O Ever-Living, O Possessor of Majesty and Honour, there is no god but You, Glory be to You, by You we seek refuge and by Your mercy we seek help, that you will not leave us to Our souls are within the blink of an eye, and nothing is closer than that. And rectify for us all our affairs, O Reconciliator, the affairs of the righteous.

اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا احْفَظْ أَوْطَانَنَا وَأَعِزَّ سُلْطَانَنَا وَأَيِّدْهُ بِالْحَقِّ وَأَيِّدْ بِهِ الْحَقَّ يَا رَبَّ العَالَمِينَ، اللَّهُمَّ أَسْبِغْ عَلَيْهِ نِعمَتَكَ، وَأَيِّدْهُ بِنُورِ حِكْمَتِكَ، وَسَدِّدْهُ بِتَوفِيقِكَ، وَاحفَظْهُ بِعَينِ رعَايَتِكَ

Oh ALLAH, our Lord, protect our countries, honor our authority, support it with the truth, and support it with the truth, O Lord of the worlds. Oh God, bestow your blessing upon him, support it with the light of your wisdom, guide it with your blessings, and protect it with your care.

اللَّهُمَّ أَنْزِلْ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ بَرَكَاتِ السَّمَاء وَأَخْرِجْ لَنَا مِنْ خَيْرَاتِ الأَرْضِ، وَبَارِكْ لَنَا في ثِمَارِنَا وَزُرُوعِنَا وكُلِّ أَرزَاقِنَا يَا ذَا الْجَلالِ وَالإِكْرَامِ

O ALLAH, send down upon us from the blessings of the sky and bring forth for us from the goodness of the earth, and bless for us our fruits and our crops and all our provisions, O Possessor of Majesty and Generosity.

رَبَّنَا آتِنَا في الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفي الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ

Our Lord, give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter and protect us from the punishment of the Fire.

اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالمُؤْمِنَات، المُسْلِمِينَ وَالمُسْلِمَات، الأَحْيَاءِ مِنْهُمْ وَالأَمْوَاتِ، إِنَّكَ سَمِيعٌ قَرِيبٌ مُجِيبُ الدُّعَاءِ

O ALLAH, forgive the believing men and women, the Muslim men and women, the living and the dead among them. Indeed, You are the All-Hearing, the Near, the Answerer of supplications.

عِبَادَ الله

 إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَأۡمُرُ بِٱلۡعَدۡلِ وَٱلۡإِحۡسَـٰنِ وَإِيتَآىِٕ ذِى ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَيَنۡهَىٰ عَنِ ٱلۡفَحۡشَآءِ وَٱلۡمُنڪَرِ وَٱلۡبَغۡىِ‌ۚ يَعِظُكُمۡ لَعَلَّڪُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ

O servants of ALLAH - Indeed, ALLAH commands justice and good deeds, and bestows favor on relatives, and forbids indecency. And the denier and the transgressor admonish you that you may remember.

Surah An Nahl-90

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وآخر دعوانا ان الحمد للہ رب العالمین- سبحان ربک رب العزة عما يصفون، وسلام على المرسلين، والحمد لله رب العالمين