أَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ۔

بِسۡمِ ٱللهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

اللہ کے نام سے شروع جو بڑا مہربان نہایت رحم کرنے والا ہے

In the name of ALLAH, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Book "The War on Error" By Martin Kramer

"The War on Error: Israel, Islam and the Middle East" By Martin Kramer

Martin Kramer is an American-Israeli historian and author of the book “The War on Error”: Israel, Islam, and the Middle East (2016). As a prominent expert in Middle Eastern politics, he uses this collection of essays to challenge widespread misconceptions in Orientalism, Islamism, Israeli history, and American foreign policy. Kramer is also known for his previous work, Ivory Towers on Sand. He says about himself "I am a historian of the Middle East at Tel Aviv University (and past director of its Middle East center), and the Walter P. Stern Fellow at The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. I was the founding president of Shalem College, a liberal arts school in Jerusalem, and first chair of its Middle East and Islamic studies program".

In "The War on Error", Martin Kramer presents a series of case studies, some based on pathfinding research and others on provocative analysis, that correct misinformation clouding the public’s understanding of the Middle East. He also offers a forensic exploration of how misinformation arises and becomes “fact.”

The book is divided into five themes: Orientalism and Middle Eastern studies, a prime casualty of the culture wars; Islamism, massively misrepresented by apologists; Arab politics, a generator of disappointing surprises; Israeli history, manipulated by reckless revisionists; and American Jews and Israel, the subject of irrational fantasies. Kramer shows how error permeates the debate over each of these themes, creating distorted images that cause policy failures.

Kramer approaches questions in the spirit of a relentless fact-checker. Did Israeli troops massacre Palestinian Arabs in Lydda in July 1948? Was the bestseller Exodus hatched by an advertising executive? Did Martin Luther King, Jr., describe anti-Zionism as antisemitism? Did a major post-9/11 documentary film deliberately distort the history of Islam? Did Israel push the United States into the Iraq War? Kramer also questions paradigms—the “Arab Spring,” the map of the Middle East, and linkage. Along the way, he amasses new evidence, exposes carelessness, and provides definitive answers.

"The War on Error": Israel, Islam, and the Middle East by Martin Kramer is a collection of essays arguing that misinterpretations, myths, and "errors" in academic and public discourse on the Middle East directly cause, and stem from, flawed foreign policy. Kramer, a proponent of evidence-based analysis, challenges prevailing narratives on Islamist politics, Israeli history, and Western perceptions of Islam, arguing that misinformation often substitutes for objective reality.

The book "The War on Error" acts as a "war" on the flawed analyses and "half-truths" that often permeate public discussion. The book critiques the often-apologetic treatment of Islamic fundamentalism, which Kramer argues is misunderstood by Western commentators. It also challenges how Middle Eastern studies have been influenced by political agendas. The book also analyzes how regional politics produce "disappointing surprises" contrary to Western expectations.

Book "The War on Error" By Martin Kramer defends against "reckless revisionists" in the academic re-evaluation of Israel's creation and examines the rise of "irrational fantasies" concerning Jewish power. The book highlights how distorted narratives, such as misconceptions about the Arab Spring or Palestinian-Israeli dynamics, directly lead to failed foreign policies. The book "The War on Error" serves as a critique of current academic trends, urging a return to rigorous evidence-based scholarship over biased political commentary. For more details, the publisher Princeton University provides an overview of the contents.

Martin Kramer is an American-Israeli historian and author of the book The War on Error: Israel, Islam, and the Middle East (2016). In "The War on Error", Martin Kramer presents a series of case studies, some based on pathfinding research and others on provocative analysis, that correct misinformation clouding the public’s understanding of the Middle East. This write up "The War on Error" By Martin Kramer has been arranged with material available feely on web net.

The central idea of Martin Kramer's "The War on Error" is that correcting misinformation and distorted narratives about Israel, Islam, and the Middle East is an essential first step in understanding the region and combatting terrorism. Kramer argues that faulty analysis, propaganda, and "academic" myths, rather than just objective reality, often drive disastrous Western policies.

The "War on Error" is a collected volume, a genre against which there is a prejudice. A collected volume does not weave one story. But all the essays included in this one are relevant to a central motif: they contest errors that threaten to become assumed wisdom. The book defines errors as unintentional lapses that leave a gap between reality and its representation. These lapses are never random, however; the form they assume is determined by bias.

The error studied at greatest length in the book concerns the 1948 Israeli conquest of Lydda, specifically Ari Shavit's account in his 2013 bestseller My Promised Land. There, Shavit posits that vengeful Israeli troops carried out a large-scale massacre of Palestinian civilians during the operation. The most dramatic scene involves an Israeli attack in which, according to Shavit, a traumatized soldier launched an antitank rocket into a mosque, killing seventy civilians. Shavit said he drew his version from conversations with Israeli veterans taped twenty years ago.

To this reader, elements of Shavit's account seemed theatrical and contrived. As became clear upon further investigation, the same interviewees who spoke to Shavit gave very different accounts of the same event in other interviews they granted, recounting not a massacre, but a battle with two sides.

The most emotive passage in Shavit's chapter claims that after the shooting ended, the Israelis deliberately murdered a detail of Arabs pressed into burying Arab dead, and buried them with the others, in order to cover up the mosque "massacre." In fact, this is directly contradicted by the testimony of an Arab inhabitant of Lydda who himself claimed to have participated in the detail, and by additional testimony of Arabs who heard of the events from others who had been pressed into the detail, taken prisoner afterward by the Israelis, and subsequently released. Thus the most charged passage of the most charged chapter of one of the most widely read books on Israel are easily unraveled.

The episode not only exemplifies how stories are fashioned to fit a specific narrative purpose. It also reveals much about what American Jewish readers, who made the book a bestseller, want to believe and are prepared to believe about Israel. Tales of Israeli guilt now resonate with this audience, a fact that has large implications for the present.

The other chapters of War on Error document how similar mistakes afflict a wide spectrum of journalists, scholars, writers, filmmakers, and policymakers. In the last case, such errors can have practical consequences.

For example, when Chuck Hagel was a senator, he was an avid proponent of the notion of "linkage," a Middle Eastern domino theory positing that the region's fate hinges on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. When asked about the limits of this theory, he said he was simply repeating what he had been told by Arab leaders. In this case, contrary evidence emerged from Wikileaked diplomatic cables reporting many of Hagel's meetings with those very leaders, during which Israel and the Palestinians rarely came up; rather, the cables show that Arab leaders pressed upon him the dangers posed by Iran, Iraq, and Shiite militancy. At the time, Hagel was emblematic of a group of officials who weaved an Israeli-centric narrative of the region's problems, disregarding many of the fissures that have since torn the Middle East asunder. Linkage ended up distracting policymakers from other conflicts that have redefined the region.

The book also cautions against using analogies as a vehicle to tell stories. Analogies project the familiar onto the unfamiliar (as opposed to comparisons, which measure two familiar things against each other). The term "Islamic fundamentalism" is a prime example, since it invites an analogy to trends in American Christianity that are actually very different from Islamism. The analogy predisposed many people to underestimate Islamism's force. Other chapters deal with the terms "Islamo-Fascism" (problematic as an analogy, though useful as a comparison) and "Arab Spring" (effectively an analogy to Europe that concealed the depth of the Arab crisis).

Today, every government agency, university, and think tank grapples with the war on error -- bias and mistakes are endemic, and no one is totally impervious to them. Hopefully this book will inspire the next generation to be more scrupulous and committed to objectivity.

Kramer has argued that the USA supports Israel not because of "Holocaust guilt or shared democratic values" but because aid to Israel "underpins the Pax Americana in the Eastern Mediterranean" and provides "a low-cost way of keeping order in part of the Middle East." "The problem, of course, is that American academe is obsessed with Palestine, to the exclusion of nearly everything else. Many professors are tenured homing pigeons. Set their minds aloft anywhere from the High Atlas to the Hindu Kush. They will wind up flying to Jerusalem and congregating on the esplanade of the Dome of the Rock. Every issue must somehow be processed and reduced to an aspect of the Arab-Israeli conflict. And the underlying theory is this: Israel is responsible for everything that goes badly in the Middle East, and if the linkage is not apparent, it is the scholar’s duty to claim otherwise — by bald assertions."

Book "The War on Error" is written by Martin Kramer, is an American-Israeli historian, author and a prominent expert in Middle Eastern politics. This book "The War on Error" is a collection of essays; where he has challenged widespread misconceptions in Orientalism, Islamism, Israeli history, and American foreign policy. What he has challenged will not surprise a reader who may have known about Zionism and their finest ac of "crafting lies and manufacturing truth"?

The last century has seen publication of many, so called, scholarly work about Israel and Palestinian question. The scholarship on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has shifted from early Orientalist perspectives to a more contested field, now often characterized by a divide between traditional narratives and critical, revisionist histories.

Martin Kramer is also known for his previous work, Ivory Towers on Sand. He says about himself "I am a historian of the Middle East at Tel Aviv University (and past director of its Middle East center), and the Walter P. Stern Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. I was the founding president of Shalem College, a liberal arts school in Jerusalem, and first chair of its Middle East and Islamic studies program". The available info about the author and his writings including "The War on Error" also exposes the method adopted by Zionist Jews for lobbying as AIPAC in USA and propaganda to suppress real truth about the Al-Quds. It is noteworthy that Zionists Jews are shifting and drifting from their claims about the whole crisis from Palestine; from empty lands to wider areas of land of Hijaz in KSA (Read “Return to Mecca”, By Dennis Avi Lipkin and "Our God is Your God Too, But He Has Chosen Us" by Laurent Guyénot).

The following links presents book reviews on these two books.

https://blogs.bangboxonline.com/posts/book-return-to-mecca-by-dennis-avi-lipkin

https://blogs.bangboxonline.com/posts/our-god-is-your-god-too-but-he-has-chosen-us-by-laurent-guyenot